H

 <ref>Michael J Cohen, "Britain's Moment in Palestine: Retrospect and Perspectives, 1917-1948". (Routledge, Feb 24, 2014), [https://books.google.com/books?id=DLPpAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA388 p.388] .

''In the early 1930s, Nazi Germany's anti-Semitic policies evoked a widespread, positive response among Arab nationalists across the Middle East...

During this decade, a plethora of political organizations and paramilitary youth movements modelled on Fascist and Nazi organizations sprouted up in the Arab world. In Iraq there was the al-Futuwwa, a youth organization modelled on the Hitler Youth, and the influential, pan-Arab, Fascist al- Muthanna Club, both openly supportive of the Nazis. In Syria, there were Fahkri al-Barudi's Iron Shirts and Antoun (Antoine) Sa'ada's Socialist National Party, founded in Beirut in 1932... Sa'ada adopted the Fascist paradigm – the cult of the individual, emphasis on racial purity and mystical nationalism. He advocated the restoration of a Greater Syrian state. The party's rituals included a Hitler-style salute, an anthem set to the music of the Nazi anthem, and a flag with a curved swastika called 

called “the red hurricane”''.

</ref>

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